IMFH | Fetal Therapy | Fetal Conditions Treated | Amniotic Band Syndrome
Amniotic band syndrome is a rare condition that occurs by chance in approximately 1 in 15000 live births. It is believed that amniotic band syndrome occurs because of early rupture of the amnion, the membrane closest to the fetus. The rupture amnion then forms bands that cross the womb and can insert on the body of the fetus and lead to amputations, constrictions and other deformities. The cause of the syndrome is not known. The diagnosis of amniotic band syndrome is made during the pregnancy by ultrasound.
Some fetuses with amniotic band syndrome develop swelling of an extremity without evidence of amputation. The constriction results in marked edema and dysfunction of the extremity at birth. It is thought that in such cases fetoscopic release of the amniotic bands could be of benefit. In utero endoscopic release of the constriction has been shown to result in restoration of the contour of the extremity and normal function after delivery. It is believed that in utero endoscopic release of the constriction may be able to avoid amputation of the extremity or prevent further neurological or vascular damage.
